畢業(yè)論文：預兆母題在西方文學中的表現(xiàn)及作用

　　摘 要

　　預兆母題作為一種神秘奇幻的有關民俗學和心理學的現(xiàn)象，普遍存在于眾多的文學作品中，形成了主題學中的一種較為固定的規(guī)范化的形式。這類母題對于使得文學作品的情節(jié)更加曲折離奇，增強作品的可讀性耐讀性方面起到了積極的作用。它表現(xiàn)了作者對這種神秘力量的推崇，增強了作品的趣味性和藝術性。西方文學產(chǎn)生預兆母題并不偶然，而是源于一定的宗教觀念，有著深刻的社會歷史根源。無論是穆斯林們的無所不知的先知還是為救世人而被釘在十字架上的耶穌，在他們的子民心目中都是與有著神秘和強大的操縱命運和預知未來的能力的。表現(xiàn)在文學作品中，預兆母題主要通過神諭、人諭、物兆、夢兆、巫術占卜等形式。使曾經(jīng)存在過的或還在存在的某種宗教觀念，向?qū)徝赖奈膶W藝術形式積淀和演化。預兆情節(jié)在文學作品中表現(xiàn)出信息知識、情節(jié)布局、思想美學3種功能，也體現(xiàn)出文學作品特殊的文化內(nèi)涵。

　　關鍵詞：預兆；神諭；人諭；物兆；夢兆；占卜（巫術）

　　ABSTRACT

　　Motif of the omen , as a kind of mysterious phenomenon about folklore and psychology, have generally existed and taken shape in the numerous literary works，is studied Omen motif as a kind of comparatively fixed standardization in the theme. This kind of motif plays a positive role for making the plot twists of the literary works extraordinary, also in the readability of strengthening the works and able to bear the reading respect. Furthermore it has displayed the authors high praise of such mysterious strength, and has strengthened the interest of the works and artistic strength. It isn’t accidental to produce omen motif in Western literature, but come from certain religious idea and deep social historical origins. No matter the Moslems omniscient prophet or whose Jesus was nailed on the cross for rescuing common people, all with mysterious and strong manipulation destiny and foreseeing future ability in their sub popular feelings eye. Display among literary works, mainly through supernatural indication, human indication, thing promise, dream promise, wizardry person who divine form question, motif of omen . Make a certain religion idea existed ever or in existing, become to the aesthetic literature art form accumulation and evolving. Omen plot demonstrate information knowledge, plot overall arrangement, thought aesthetics among literary works, embody cultural intension with special literary works too.

　　Key words: Omen; Supernatural indication; Human indication; Thing promise; Dream promise; Wizardry

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